Journal: Frontiers in Microbiology
Article Title: Bactericidal and antibiofilm activity of lactic acid bacteria-derived cell free extracts against dairy-associated spoilage and pathogenic bacteria
doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2026.1783760
Figure Lengend Snippet: Heatmap of growth inhibition (%) ( A : OD600) and biofilm inhibition (%) ( B : OD590) of P. paracarnis A006, P. fluorescens 07A, E. coli 1791, E. coli O157: H7, L. monocytogenes ATCC 19117, S. aureus ATCC 19095, and S. typhimurium ATCC 14028 in response to six treatments: CFS, Cell-free supernatants; ICS, inactive cells plus cell-free supernatants; CFS N, neutralized cell free supernatant; ICS N, neutralized inactive cells plus cell-free supernatant, and IC, inactive cells, prepared from Lpb. plantarum Q4C3, Lc. lactis subsp. lactis biovar diacetylactis SBR4, Lc. lactis subsp. lactis Lc08, W. viridescens W23, W. confusa W8, W. paramesenteroides W11, W. paramesenteroides W10, W. cibaria W42, W. cibaria W32, W. cibaria W49, W. cibaria W21, W. cibaria W22, W. cibaria W25 , Lc. lactis subsp. lactis biovar diacetylactis ATCC 13675, Lc. lactis subsp. lactis ATCC 19435. The colors of the heatmaps agree with the percent inhibition. Letters indicate statistically significant differences between treatments (columns) in each lactic acid bacteria, based on Tukey’s test ( p < 0.05). Tree densities represent hierarchical clustering applying the Euclidean distance matrix calculation and the Ward D2 method.
Article Snippet: The contaminants P. fluorescens 07A and L. monocytogenes ATCC 19117 were selected as target microorganisms.
Techniques: Inhibition, Bacteria